7 Naturalization

7.1 naturalization vs. denaturalization

Figure 7.1: naturalization on citizenship change

7.2 naturalization rate: which variables?

7.2.1 age and sex

Figure 7.2: rate age and sex

7.2.2 year and sex

Figure 7.3: rate year and sex

7.2.3 year, age and sex

Figure 7.4: rate year, age, sex; focus on age

Figure 7.5: rate year, age, sex; focus on year

7.2.4 district, age and sex

Figure 7.6: rate district, age and sex

7.2.5 district, year and sex

Figure 7.7: rate district, year and sex

7.3 das: smoothing (nat and pop)

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1

7.4 das: naturalization rate

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1

7.5 ya: smooth processes (preparation for trend by ya)

7.5.1 by years (subjectively, but last year in the plot)

Figure 7.10: processes by year and age; smoothed, focus on age

7.5.2 by age (subjectively selected)

Figure 7.11: processes by year and age; smoothed, focus on years

7.6 ya: rate

7.6.1 by years (subjectively, but last year in the plot)

Figure 7.12: rate by year and age, focus on age

7.6.2 by age (subjectively selected)

Figure 7.13: rate by year and age, focus on years

7.7 constrained regression

7.7.1 focus age

Figure 7.14: rate by year and age; past and future, focus on age

7.7.2 focus years

Figure 7.15: rate by year and age; past and future, focus on years

7.8 smooth processes (preparation for the trend factor calculation)

Figure 7.16: processes by age, smoothed

7.9 rate

Figure 7.17: rate by age

7.10 trend factor (‘rate ya’ to ‘rate a’)

Figure 7.18: trend factor by year and age, focus on age

Figure 7.19: trend factor by year and age, focus on years

7.11 future rate (dyas)

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1

7.12 past and rate (dyas)

7.12.1 overview

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1

7.12.2 focus age

plot: focus age distribution WHY this plot: it is recommendable to look precisely at the age plots over years therefore, a plot that focuses on certain years

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1

7.12.3 focus years

(a) District of Kreis 1

(a) District of Kreis 1